Punching control strip for photographic composing machines



Oct. 19 1926.

E. K. HUNTER PUNCHING CONTROL STRIP FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPOSING MACHINES:5 Shets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Sept. .20, 1922 Oct. 19 1926.

E. K. HUNTER PUNCNING' CONTROL STRIP FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPOSING MACHINESOriginal Filed Sept. 20, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Oct- 19 1926. 1,603,953-

' E. K. HUNTER Puucnme common STRIP FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC COMPOSING MACHINESOriginal Filed Sept. 20, 1922 3 Sheeis-Sheet 5 Ff I Patented Oct. 19,1926.

UNITED STATES 1,603,953 PATENT OFFICE.

EDGAR KENNETH HUNTER, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO JOHANNES ROBERTCARL AUGUST, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

PUNCHING CONTROL STRIP FOR PHOTOQRAPHIO COMPOSING MACHINES.

Original application filed September 20, 1922, Serial No. 58 9,3 65, andin Great Britain September 21, 1921. Divided and this application filedDecember'lS, 1925. Serial No. 76,287.

The present invention relates to improvements in photographic composingmachines of the type in which characters or symbols on a partially lightopaque stencil are 6 brought one at a time into the optical axis of aphotographic camera to be photographed upon a sensitive surface forsubsequent photographic reproduction for printing purposes. I

This application is a division of my copending application Ser. No.'589,365,'filed Sept. 20, 1922, to which reference is made for furtherdetail of the constructional features referred to herein.

According to the present invention, the control of the machine iseffected from the punched strip. A portion of this strip is divided intolongitudinal areas the punched holes in which have a value in the ratioof 20 the geometrical progression 1, 2, l, 8, 16,

32 In the remaining area of the strip,

the punched holes are provided for indicating word spacing, a change ofcase, a change of style, a change of size and finally a further area ofthe punched strip is set aside at spaced intervals for the reception ofpunchings indicating the justified amount of word spacing standard foreachline of composed matter.

The invention will be more particularly described with reference to theaccompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of aphotographic composing machine.

Figure 2 is an elevation of the film carrier.

Figure 3 is a corresponding plan view.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic view of the positioning mechanism for thefilm spools.

4 ,Figure 5 is a detail of the spacing mechanism operated by the stripof Figure 6.

Figure 6 shows a portion of one form of record or control strip.

Fi ure 7 is a diagrammatic view of the 45 justi cation mechanism.

A flexible film 1 is carried on supply spools 2, 3, and is led overguide spools 4, 5, The film 1 is notched as at 6 on its periphery toengage with fitting and spacing teeth 7 on the guide spools. The film 1is of the type of my co-pending patent application.

It will be convenient for the film to carry three rows of charactersupper case, lowsuch that the er case and peculiars.' One letter only ofsuch characters at any one time will, how- 85 ever, intersect the lightpath of a camera or projection system comprising a source of lightwithin a casing 8, and a projection lens in a carrier 9 which is unitedto the li ht tight casing 8, and the casing 10 enclosing the surface onwhich the characters are to be .photographed by means of telescopicextension casings 11.

The lens carrier 9 is provided with a shutter 12 operated by anelectromagnet 13.

The film 1 is divided up into virtual areas each area including all thecharacters of upper and lower case and peculiars of one style, one areaby way of example including Roman characters, whilst another areaincludes italics and so forth. The perforations 6 of the film also engaga fixing or locating wheel 14. Rigid on the shaft 15 of this wheel is atoothed disc 16 whilst below it normally lies a correspond- 7 inglytoothed disc 17 connected to an electromagnet 18. \Vhen thiselect-romagnet 18 is energized the discs 17 and 16 lock together and fixthe film 1 accurately so that a se-- lected character upon it lies inthe light path of the camera 8, 9, 11. The purpose of the discs 16 and17 is to bring the film into accurate alignment to compensate forexpansion or contraction of the film which may occur. As three rows ofcharacters are carried by the film, it is necessary to raise it into oneof two positions other than its normal position. This may be efi'ectedby mounting the frame 19 carrying'the spools 2, 3, 4, 5, on guides 20and providing a rack 21 on it. This rack 21 is displaced by a pinion 22driven through friction gearing capable of slip. A stop pin 23 on therack 21 is adapted to abut against either stop 24 or stop 25 or stop 26as the case may be, these stops being carried on the spindle 27rotatable about its own axis. Whenfor instance an upper case characteris required, the stop 26 is effective, when a lower case character isrequired, stop 25 is effective and when a pe- 1 culiar is required, thenstop 24 is effective in maintaining the frame 19 in a position ower rowof characters is in the lane of the light beam. To displace the lm fromone position to another along its length, a drive, preferably through anoverload clutch such as a friction drive capable of slip is provided tothe spindle 28 driving the long pinion 29 through bevel gearing 30. Thelong pinion 20 is "constantly in mesh with the pinion 31 in the threeseparate positions of the frame 19. This pinion 31 is loose on the shaft32 carrying the film spool 2 which it drives through friction clutch 33,but the pinion 31 is fast with the pinion 34 driving a pinion 36 throughwheels 37. Pinion 36 is loose on the shaft 38 of the film spool 1 whichit can drive whenever an electro-magnetic clutch 39 is energized; thisclutch 39 is more powerful than the clutch When the film is beingdisplaced from the left to right, clutch 39 is operative against thefrictional drag of clutch 33. When the film is displaced from right toleft, clutch 33 alone is operative.

For displacing the film from one area to another, drive is imparted tothe shaft 38 through clutch 39 until the shaft 42 coaxial with the shaft42 of the film spool 5 reaches a position accurately set by a stop pin40 (Fig. 4). This stop pin 40 is accurately positioned preferably bysetting mechanism according to the co-pending application, #602,475,filed on Nov. 21, 1922 by J. R. C. August and myself. This stop pin 40acts as a variable radial abutment for a snail cam 41. A similar snailcam 43 is provided on the shaft 46 of the film spool 4. A stop 47co-operates with the .snail cam 43, allowing in the arrangementillustrated a choice of thirty-four characters. A slot 48 is provided inthe cam 43 to allow free rotation of this counter-clockwise during thetime that the film is passing from one style to another. The cam 41 onthe shaft 42 is connected with the spindle 42 of the guide spool 5through gearing 49, 50, 51 and 52, whereby a cam 41 of small proportionscan he used in spite of the fact that the film spool 5 has to rotatemany times in passing from one style to another.

By displacing a lever 49 on the keyboard 50 a punching is made in acontrol strip which subsequently co-operates with brushes to energizeone or more coils of a setting mechanism which may be similar to that ofthe joint co-pending application #602475 above referred to to operatethe settin of the stop 40 so that the film is displace on its spools 4and 5 until the area corresponding to the style desired lies betweenthese spools, the spools 4 and 5 revolving until arrested by the cam 41meeting the stop 40.

A punching 119 ('Fig. 6) will electro-magnetically operate a settingmechanism of the type of application #602,47 5 to displace the stop 47to set the character desired whilst the electro-magnetic clutch 39 isthen energized to allow rotation of the film spool 3 until the cam 43meets the stop 47. The punching 119 further operates to break thecircuit of an electro-magnet 54 locking the carria e 53 within thecasing 10 to this casing w iilst energizing the electro-magnet 54locking the carriage 53 to the shaft of a setting mechanism 55 (theconstruction of which is fully described in the joint co-pendingapplication #602,475). One or more of the electro-magnets 56 of thissetting mechanism are then energized to cause the displacement of thecarriage 53 through one half space. This carriage 53 carries the lightsensitive surface on which the image of the character is to bephotographed.

Thereupon the circuit to coil 54 is broken while that to coil 54 is madeand the circuit to coil 13 made which opens the shutter and operates thephotographing of the selected character.

It is evident that after the shutter has closed the carriage 53 must beagain displaced'onwards by one half of the spacing for the particularcharacter selected as of course the character must always bephotographed in the middle of the letter or character spacing which itoccupies. Conseofiuently as punching 119 leaves the brush t irough whichthe operative control circuit is made, the circuit of the particularelectro-magnet or electro-magnet-s 56 will again be closed during thetime that the carriage 51 is released from electro-magnet 54* andconnected again momentarily to electro-magnet 54.

Whenever it is desired to enlarge or reduce the scale of reproduction ofa character on the film 1, a lever such as 58 on the keyboard 50 can bedisplaced operating the relative displacement of the lens carrier 9 andframe 19 with film spools 45 and light source 8 along the guides 59, thenecessary optical relationship of these parts being governed by togglelinkage 60 and cams 61. This mechanism forms no part of the presentinvention.

Supposing that the strip 9 (Fig. 6) be divided into longitudinal areas127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132. 133. 134 and 135 then suppose that apunching in area 127 indicates a code value, one, in area 128 a valuetwo, in area 129 a value four, in area 130 a value eight, and in area131 a value sixteen, then it will be seen that if different values beassigned to different letters the said strip 9 can select any letterdesired. In the example illustrated a posiibility of thirty-twocharacters is available and for instance character a may have value one,I) may have value two, a may have value three, 03 may have value four, 6may have value five, f may have value six, 9 may have value seven, k mayhave value eight, 71 may have value nine, j may have value ten, 7: mayhave value eleven, and so forth.

Supposing therefore the character g is selected thenpunchings will bepresent in 127, 128 and 129, Figure 3. If character d be taken, thenthere will be a single punching in row 129 and so forth. 1

As each word is punched in the strip 9 a spacing key 149 is depressedcausing the punching of a hole 150 in row 132 of the strip 9. At the endof each line the operator presses a key 148 to operate a row ofpunchings 126 in another portion of the control strip for eo-operatingwith the word spacing punching 150 for word justification.

As each letter is punched by the setting up of a lateral row ofpunchings 119, a number wheel 120 Figure 7 is turned to add to thatwheel counting mechanism a value equal to the width of the desiredcharacter, the total available width of line being indicated on counter123. The difference between these counters 120, 121 is automaticallyrecorded,

on counter 122'. The depression of the key 2 operating the punchings 150also sets up the number of Words in a line on counter 123. At the end ofa line the value on counter 122 is automatically divided by means of anyWell-known calculating machine mechanism in the counter box by the valueon counter 123 to show the amount of justification on counter 124, thatis to say, the amount by which the receptive surface must be displacedat each word end so that the whole printed line appears symmetrical asregards the disposition of the Words therein. The operator then pressesa key or keys 2 to operate a row of punchings 126 in another consecutiveportion of the control strip 9. It will be preferred to arrange thestrip 9 in this portion to be divided into areas 127, 128, 129, 130,131, 132 equal in value to terms of the geometrical serial 1, 2, 4, 8,16, 32 so that by suitably grouping the punchings any desired spacingfrom unity to the sum of the terms, in this case sixty-four, isavailable.

Now a brush moving along area at the completion of each printed wordW111 opera ate the displacement of the carriage with the receptivesurface on which the characters are to be printed by the amount of wordjustification necessary, set up once for each line. The six conductors33 may be used to automatically operate the punchings 126 in the strip 9by energizing suitably disposed punching electro-magnets.

At the endof each printed word there fore contact brushes co-operatingwith punching 150 operate one or more of the coils of a settingmechanism, the number of which has already been-set by the punching 126.

I declare that what I claim is:-

1. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for ahotographic composing machine having co e punchings disposed in adjacentareas equivalent to values of a geometrical progression.

2. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip foraphotographic composing machine having code punchings disposed inadjacent areas equivalent to value of the fundamental geometricalprogression 1, 2, 4, s, 16, 32,64

3. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for aphotographic composing machine having code punchings disposed inlongitudinal adjacent areas equivalent to value of the fundamentalgeometrical progression 1. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64

4. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for aphotographic composing machine having punchings for operating thedisplacement of a character stencil relatively to a photographic camera,a second set of punchings for displacing the light sensitive surfaceupon which photographic images are received relatively to said cameraand a third set of punchings controlling the relative disposition ofimage projecting lens and object of said camera to vary the size ofimage projected.

5. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for photographiccomposing machines having punchings for the selection of a character tobe brought into the path of a photographic camera, a second set ofpunchings to select the style of character, a third set of punchings toselect the size of optical projection of the character, a fourth set ofpunchings to control the word spacing of the characters photographed.

6. As an article of manufacture a. punched control strip forphotographic composing machines having punchings for the selection of acharacter to be brought into thepath of a photographic camera, a secondset of punchings to select the style of character, a third set ofpunchings to select the size of optical projection of the character, afourth set of punchings to control the word spacing of the charactersphotographed, a fifth set of punchings to establish a value for eachline for the Word spacing.

7. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for photographiccomposing machines having punchings for the selection of a character tobe brought into the path of a photographic camera, a second set ofpunchings to select the style of character, a third setof punchings toselect the size of optical projection of the character, a fourth set ofpunchings to control the Word spacing of the characters photographed, afifth set of punchings to establish a value for each line for the Wordspacing and a sixth set of punchings controlling the correction of anerroneously selected character.

8. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for photographiccomposing machines having punchings for the selection of a character tobe brought into the path of a photographic camera, a second set ofpunchin-gs to select the style of character,

a third set of punchings to select the size of optical projection of thecharacter, a fourth set of punchings to control the Word spacing of thecharacters photographed, a fifth set of punchings to establish a valuefor each line for the word spacing, and a sixth set of punchingscontrolling the correction of an erroneously selected character, and aseventh set of punching s controlling the step by step displacement ofthe light sensitive surface upon which the photographic image isprojected according to the varying Width of character.

9. As an article of manufacture a punched control strip for photographiccomposing machines having punchings arranged in sequence for theselection of a character, a single punching at the end of each number ofseparate groups of punchings forming composed Words and a group ofpunchings at the end of punchings corresponding to a line of composedmatter for setting a justification Value to operate Whenever controlledby the single punching indicating the end of a word.

10. As an article of manufacture for use with a photographic composingmachine a punched record control strip divided into a number ofvirtually controlled areas according to values of the fundamentalgeometrical progression so that a limited number of punchedrecord'control strip, divided into separate areas of equal extent, onearea receiving punchings operating the normal control of selection andspacing of characters to be composed, Whilst the other area operates asa master control for the correction of punchings in the first namedarea.

In Witness whereof,,, I have. hereunto signed my name this 4th day ofDecember, 1925.

EDGAR KENNETH H UN T ER.

